Update (September 2026): ISSB-based requirements are in effect in 19 jurisdictions with roughly 40 more in motion. On 18 August 2026 the IFRS Foundation Trustees approved a five-year operating and financing plan for the ISSB and decided to open its seat in Geneva during 2027. The December 2025 amendments to IFRS S2, which let entities limit Scope 3 Category 15 to financed emissions, apply from 1 January 2027, and a nature-related IFRS Practice Statement is due as an exposure draft in October 2026.
Jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction status: The State of Sustainability Reporting, September 2026.
IFRS S2 requires an entity to disclose information about climate-related risks and opportunities that could reasonably be expected to affect the entity’s cash flows, its access to finance or cost of capital over the short, medium or long term (collectively referred to as ‘climate-related risks and opportunities that could reasonably be expected to affect the entity’s prospects’).
IFRS S2 applies to:
- a. climate-related risks to which the entity is exposed, which are:
- i. climate-related physical risks; and
- ii. climate-related transition risks; and
- b. climate-related opportunities available to the entity.
IFRS S2 sets out the requirements for disclosing information about an entity’s climate-related risks and opportunities. In particular, IFRS S2 requires an entity to disclose information that enables users of general purpose financial reports to understand:
- a. the governance processes, controls and procedures the entity uses to monitor, manage and oversee climate-related risks and opportunities;
- b. the entity’s strategy for managing climate-related risks and opportunities;
- c. the processes the entity uses to identify, assess, prioritise and monitor climate-related risks and opportunities, including whether and how those processes are integrated into and inform the entity’s overall risk management process; and
- d. the entity’s performance in relation to its climate-related risks and opportunities, including progress towards any climate-related targets it has set, and any targets it is required to meet by law or regulation.
