IRA Repeal Impacts

Environmental
:   
Climate & Environment
May 22, 2025

Summary in graphic

S&P Global Market Intelligence report analyzes the potential impacts of repealing the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) on US power markets. Here's a summary by region and key terms:

Key Terms

REC (Renewable Energy Credit): A tradeable certificate representing proof that 1 MWh of electricity was generated from renewable sources. Utilities buy RECs to meet renewable energy requirements.

RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard): State mandates requiring utilities to source a certain percentage of electricity from renewable sources by specific dates.

IRA: The 2022 Inflation Reduction Act providing tax credits (PTC/ITC) for clean energy projects.

Regional Impacts of IRA Repeal

ERCOT (Texas)

  • Capacity: Moderate renewable reductions offset by natural gas
  • Prices: Only region with energy price decreases due to combined-cycle plants replacing peakers
  • Generation: Shift from renewables to gas-fired generation

PJM (Mid-Atlantic)

  • Capacity: Significant renewable capacity loss, higher gas capacity
  • Prices: Energy prices rise substantially; capacity prices increase
  • Financial: Wind remains viable without IRA; solar struggles without competitive REC markets

New York (NYISO)

  • Capacity: Must compensate for lost offshore wind with onshore renewables
  • Prices: Capacity prices vary by season and location
  • Challenge: Meeting aggressive Clean Energy Standard targets without offshore wind

New England (ISO-NE)

  • Capacity: Offshore wind replaced by solar/onshore wind
  • Prices: Capacity prices decrease due to less curtailment of renewables
  • Impact: REC prices fall as renewable targets become harder to meet

MISO (Midwest)

  • Capacity: Regional variations - more gas in northern zones
  • Prices: Summer capacity prices decrease; energy prices rise
  • Challenge: Limited REC markets make renewables less viable

California (CAISO)

  • Impact: Significant energy price increases (largest percentage gains)
  • Challenge: High renewable penetration threatened without tax credits

Southeast (SERC/FRCC)

  • Florida: Dramatic impact - 100% of wind and 50% of solar becomes uneconomical without RPS mandates
  • Generation: Heavy shift to gas peaking plants

Southwest (SPP)

  • Impact: Wind projects struggle without formal capacity markets
  • Revenue: Relies mainly on energy and voluntary REC revenue

Overall National Impact

  • Capacity: 13-15% reduction in solar, wind, and battery storage by 2035
  • Emissions: CO₂ reduction goals fall from 20% to 11% below 2022 levels
  • Generation: 16% increase in gas generation, 5% increase in gas capacity
  • Prices: Energy prices rise nationwide except Texas; REC prices fall generally

The report concludes that states with strong RPS mandates fare better, while regions without renewable requirements see the most dramatic shifts back to fossil fuels.

Link to S&P Global Market Intelligence webinar: Implications of a Potential Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) Repeal on U.S. Energy Markets

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